PARALLELOGRAMS
Grade Level(s):  9th -12th grade

Subject(s):  Math, Art, And Literature

Learner Outcomes:
Each student will be able to recognize and apply the properties of parallelograms, and each student will conduct an activity with the TI-92 graphing calculator which will allow him or her to draw parallelograms.
 

Duration of the Lesson:  Two  50-minute periods.

Materials:


Technology:

Procedures:
Define parallelogram and introduce all theorems that correspond to parallelograms.
 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Parallelogram:
A quadrilateral with both pairs of opposite sides parallel.
Every parallelogram has five main properties.  These include the following:

  •  Opposite sides of a parallelogram are congruent.
  •  Opposite angles of a parallelogram are congruent.
  •  Consecutive angles of a parallelogram are supplementary.
  •  A diagonal divides the parallelogram into two congruent triangles.
  •  The diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other.

  • Each student will choose 2 out the five properties of the parallelogram and will write down a paragraph proof or a two column proof during class.
    Each student will complete the written exercises that correspond to the lesson on parallelograms and their properties.

    Lesson Extension: Using the TI-92 graphing calculator, students
                                                 will conduct the TI-92 Lab 2.
     

    Lesson Enrichment:
    All sorts of parallelograms are used to tile kitchens or to make quilts.  The Quilting Channel
    Select one of the two enrichment activities that follow:

                                     * To make the connection to Art and/or Language
                                        Arts, students will conduct an Enrichment Activity
                                     * Create a unique colorful pattern using
                                        parallelograms that could be used to arrange tiles
                                        in your kitchen or to create a quilt top. You must
                                        use typing paper and coloring pencils for this
                                        activity.
     

    Evaluation/Assessment:
       100% -93%  --Students fully achieve the purpose of the task(s), while insightfully interpreting, extending beyond the task.

        * Demonstration of an in-depth understanding of the concepts and content.
        * Students communicates effectively and clearly, using diverse means where appropriate.
        * Clear evidence of doing purposeful mathematics, including investigating, experimenting, designing,interpreting, analyzing, or solving.
     
         92% - 83%  --Students fully achieves the requirements of the task(s).

        * Good understanding of the task's mathematical concepts and processes.
        * Identification of most, if not all, of the important elements of the task(s).
     
         82% - 73%  --Students substantially complete the requirements of the task(s)

        * Understanding of most of the task's mathematical concepts and processes.
        * Occasional evidence of mathematical thinking involving comparisons, conjectures, interpretations, predictions, and generalizations.

    D      72% - 60%  --Limited completion of the requirements of the task(s) by the student.

        * Identification of some important elements of the task but assumptions about some of the elements may be flawed.
        * Inadequate mathematical thinking that includes ineffective analysis  procedures, limited solution strategies, unclear mathematical arguments, and inappropriate interpretation of results.
     
     

    State Standards: G.610,11 explore the relationship between angles
                                             formed by two lines cut by a transversal when lines
                                             are and are not parallel, and  use the results to develop
                                             methods to show parallelism.

                                             G.89,10,11 explore and identify properties of
                                             quadrilaterals  and verify properties for parallelogram,
                                             rectangle, rhombus, square,
                                             and trapezoid.

    National Standards:
    Uses inductive and deductive reasoning to make observations about and to verify properties of and relationships among figures (e.g., the relationship among interior angles of parallel lines cut by a transversal).

    References:
              Glencoe Geometry: Integration, Applications, Connections
                Math Help

    Authors:
     
    Overview
    Lesson 1
    Lesson 2
    Lesson 3
    Lesson 4
    Lesson 5