LESSON 3









Title:   Interpreting Map Scales

Grade Level(s): Fourth/Fifth

Subject(s):  Social Studies/Math/Art

Learner Outcomes:

Students will compare distances on a distance chart.
Students will locate the scale on a variety of maps.
Students will measure point-to-point distances using the scale on
teacher-supplied maps.

Duration of Lesson: two 40-minute sessions

Materials:

Computers
Rulers
Variety of maps
Transparencies
Standard classroom supplies
Classroom social studies text and supplemental materials

Technology Tools/Courseware:

Internet sites
Overhead projector
Interactive whiteboard/data projector

Teacher Notes:


Procedures:

    Day 1

Step 1:  Introduce concept that map makers can make things on a map
             bigger or smaller than they really are (Map scale).  Use overhead
             projector to demonstrate how to read and use a map scale represented
             on transparencies, textbook, and/or worksheets.

Step 2:  Give students a map of an imaginary city and have students answer
             various questions about distances using the scale 1 inch=1 mile.
             Work with the concept of choosing a scale to match the map
            (home, city, state, solar system).

Step 3:  Provide time for all students to use the lab or classroom
            computers to ZAP! Around Town.  This CD helps students
            develop mapping and direction skills.  Students will locate places
            on the map using letter and number coordinates and the four main
            directions.  The Make-a-Map 3D CD from lesson 1 is also a student
            favorite and reinforces the learner outcomes of this lesson.  The
            above CDs may be purchased at:  www.Sunburst-store.com.

    Day 2

Step 1:  Practice measuring distances in text, worksheets and/or Internet
             sites on the computer.  Use various map sizes (wall versus text, etc.)

Modifications:

-    All students will have equal access time on computers throughout the school
     day.

-     Modifications may be made based on ability and grade level of students.

Enrichment Activities:

-    Students will develop questions concerning distances from city to city using
      text.  Students will  exchange questions with partners/groups and answer
     each other's questions.

-    Students will draw maps of the school playground and choose a proper
     scale.  An excellent activity is found in Lesson  #:AELP-GGR0049
     located at:
http://askeric.org/cgi-bin/printlessons.cgi/Virtual/Lessons/Social_Studies/Geography/GGR0049.html

-   Using the interactive whiteboard, explain Internet site (Terra Server) and
    demonstrate to students how to locate their hometown and other points of
    interest.  Special attention should be given to the map scales used by
    Terra Server.   http://www.terraserver.com
 

-    Read Aloud any of the following books:

    Counting On Frank.  Clement, Rod. Gareth Stevens Publishing, 1991.
     ISBN 0836803582.  This is a fabulous book integrating math (measurement)
     and literature.  After reading this book my classes have gone "wild" with
     creative ideas for measuring.  Some examples of their projects: 1. How
     many rolls of toilet tissue it will take to go around our school one time?
     2. How many sheets of paper will it take to reach the ceiling of our
     classroom?  3.  How many paper clips will it take to go from one side of the
     classroom to the other? Once students get started there's no end to their
     creative ideas!  We put all the ideas in a basket and each day drew out one
     question for the entire class to answer by the end of the day.  The team
     of students who created the question (and correct answer) determine the
     winner(s) for that day.

    The Librarian Who Measured the Earth.  Lasky, Kathryn.  Little, Brown and
     Company.  1944.  ISBN 0316515264.  This imaginative book tells the story
     of Erathosthenes, the Greek mathematician and librarian, who
     accurately measured the circumference of the earth more than two
     thousand years ago.
 

    How Big Is A Foot?  Myller, Rolf.  Dell.  1991.  ISBN  0833568531  Thrown in
      jail because the bed he made for the queen is too small, an apprentice
     comes up with a more accurate way of measuring size.

Evaluation/ Assessment:

Students will use a map scale to adequately measure point-to-point distances
on a variety of  teacher supplied maps.  In addition to classroom maps an
excellent source may be found at: http://www.graphicmaps.com/clipart.htm

State and National Standards:

    West Virginia IGOs

                          Math:  4.41, 4.44, 4.49, 5.45, 5.46, 5.55, 5.59
                          Social Studies:  4.44, 4.45, 4.46, 4.49, 4.51, 4.53, 5.22, 5.32,
                          Art:  4.5, 4.6, 5.4, 5.5, 5.7

    National Standards

Social Studies--Geography

  Understands the characteristics and uses of maps, globes,
  and other geographic tools and technologies

  Knows the location of places, geographic features, and
  patterns of the environment

  Understands the characteristics and uses of spatial
  organization of Earth's surface

  Art--Fine Arts

  Understands the characteristics and uses of spatial
  organization of Earth's surface

  Understands the visual arts in relation to history
  and cultures

   Math

   Understands how scale in maps and drawings shows
   relative size and distance

   Knows basic geometric language for describing and
   naming shapes (e.g., trapezoid, parallelogram, cube, sphere)

   Understands characteristics of lines (e.g., parallel, perpendicular,
   intersecting) and angles (e.g., right, acute)
 

References:

ZAP! AROUND TOWN CD may be purchased at:  www.Sunburst-store.com.

Make-a-Map 3D CD may be purchased at:  www.Sunburst-store.com.

http://www.cgrer.uiowa.edu/servers/servers_references.html
http://askeric.org/cgi-bin/printlessons.cgi/Virtual/Lessons/Social_Studies/Geography/GGR0049.html
http://www.graphicmaps.com/clipart.htm

Classroom social studies textbook
 
 

Authors:
           Carolyn Shuman
           Douglas Turner
           John Sezawich
 
 
 

LESSON 1
LESSON 2
LESSON 3
LESSON 4
LESSON 5

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