Title: Making a Globe
Grade Level: Fourth/Fifth
Subjects: Social Studies/Math/Art
Learner Outcomes:
Students will locate the
equator on a globe.
Students will locate the
Prime Meridian and International Date Line on a globe.
Students will locate the
lines of latitude on a globe.
Students will locate the
lines of longitude on a globe.
Duration of Lesson: four 40-minute sessions
Materials:
Spherical objects previously
constructed by the students in art class.
Non-toxic markers
Standard classroom supplies
Globes
Technology Tools/ Courseware:
Computers
Internet sites
Interactive whiteboard/data
projector
CDs for enrichment activities
Teacher Notes:
Procedures:
Day 1 Find the Equator
Step 1: Introduce the idea
of position on the earth through the
discussion of map making, navigating, and other
social studies topics.
Step 2: Demonstrate the position of the Equator on a globe.
Step 3: Give each pair of
students a sphere, marker, and
a piece of string.
Step 4: Have students stretch
the string form the top of the sphere
to the bottom, marking each point on the string with
a marker.
Step 5: Fold the string in
half so the two marks come together.
Put another dot on the string with the marker on the point
of the fold.
Step 6: Put the string back
on the sphere with one mark at the top
and one mark at the bottom of the sphere.
Step 7: Put a mark on the
sphere on either side of the mark that is
the middle of the string. Do this all the way around
the sphere.
Step 8: Connect the marks
on the sphere. This represents the
equator.
Day 2 Mark the Prime Meridian and International Date Line
Step 1: Stretch a string
around the sphere, through the top and
bottom as done in finding the equator.
Bring both ends together.
Step 2: While one student
holds the string, the other puts dots on the
sphere beside the string using the marker. Dots are made
all the way around the globe.
Step 3: The dots are connected to form a line.
Step 4: One half of the line
is labeled Prime Meridian 0 degrees and
the other half is labeled International Date Line 180 degrees.
Step 5: The teacher leads
a discussion about the Prime Meridian and
the International Date Line and lines of longitude.
Day 3 Adding two more lines of longitude
Step 1: Using the string
as used in finding the equator, have students
find a point halfway between the International Date Line and the Prime
Meridian on one side of the globe and mark that point.
Step 2: Using the string
again, have the students find a point halfway between
the International Date Line and Prime Meridian on the other side of the
sphere and mark that point.
Step 3: Wrap a string all
the way around the sphere so that it goes through the
North and South Poles and the two marks just made.
Step 4: Have students draw a line on the globe along this string.
Step 5: Explain the two new
lines as being 90 degrees east
longitude and 90 degrees west longitude.
Day 4 Adding more lines of longitude
Step 1: Using the string,
have students find the halfway points
between the 90 degree lines, the Prime Meridian, and the International
Date Line as done earlier.
Step 2: Have students draw
these lines on the sphere and label
them. The line between the Prime Meridian and 90 degrees is
labeled 45 degrees. The line between the International Date Line
and 90 degrees is labeled 135 degrees.
Step 3: (Optional) The 45
degrees between line can now be divided
into thirds for more lines of longitude. If this is done, each 15
degrees also represents one time zone which can be used for
other activities.
Modifications:
- Modifications
may be made based on ability and grade level of students.
Enrichment Activities:
- Continents
can be explored by painting on the globes using
longitude and latitude as reference points.
- Time
zones can be explored using globes. Each 15 degrees of
longitude represents one time zone.
- Read Aloud suggestions:
The
Librarian Who Measured the Earth. Lasky, Kathryn. Little,
Brown
and Company.
1944. ISBN 0316515264. This imaginative book tells
the story
of Erathosthenes, the Greek mathematician and librarian, who
accurately
measured the circumference of the earth more than two
thousand
years ago.
- How
Big is A Foot? Myller, Rolf. Dell. 1991. Isbn
0833568531 Thrown in
jail
because the bed he made for the queen is too small, an apprentice
comes
up with a more accurate way of measuring size.
Evaluations:
Teacher will observe and
question the students concerning terms and position on the
globes.
Teacher will have the students
label a map identifying the following aspects: Equator,
Prime Meridian, International
Date Line, Lines of Latitude and Longitude.
State and National Standards:
Math: 4.35, 4.36,
Social Studies: 4.44, 4.45, 5.21, 5.22, 5.23
Art: 4.1, 5.4, 5.6
Social Studies--Geography
Understands
the characteristics and uses of maps, globes,
and other
geographic tools and technologies
Knows
the location of places, geographic features, and
patterns
of the environment
Understands
the characteristics and uses of spatial
organization
of Earth's surface
Art--Fine Arts
Understands
the characteristics and uses of spatial
organization
of Earth's surface
Understands
the visual arts in relation to history
and culture
Math
Understands
how scale in maps and drawings shows
relative
size and distance
Knows
basic geometric language for describing and
naming
shapes (e.g., trapezoid, parallelogram, cube, sphere)
Understands
characteristics of lines (e.g., parallel, perpendicular
intersecting)
and angles (e.g., right, acute)
References:
Encarta 99 Encyclopedia
America's Story Harcourt
Brace
Math Advantage Harcourt
Brace
Math in Geography
Evan-Moor
http://www.cgrer.uiowa.edu/servers/servers_references.html
http://www.graphicmaps.com/clipart.htm
Authors:
Carolyn
Shuman
Douglas
Turner
John
Sezawich
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