You will need: (per student or group)

 
 


 

1 Styrofoam tray (Get this from a grocery store.)
1 protractor
1 straw
Small amount of modeling clay
About 12 inches of string

 
 
Directions:

Your clinometer should look like this.

1. Tape the protractor to the straw.
2. Insert the straw into the middle of the Styrofoam.
3. Use the modeling clay to secure the straw in a fixed position on the front and back of the Styrofoam.
4. Tie the string at the 0° mark of the protractor.
 5. You may fix some of the clay or some other weight to the bottom of the string.
6. You are now ready to use your clinometer.
7. Before you go outside with your clinometer, discuss how you will use it to determine the angle of the sun. How will you know when the clinometer is angled just right?
IMPORTANT SAFETY TIP #1:

DO NOT LOOK TROUGH THE STRAW AT THE SUN!

THIS COULD DAMAGE YOUR EYES!


 
 
Let's go outside: I hope the sun is out!
Now is the time to test your theory about, "When is your clinometer angled just right?"
Line your clinometer so that sunlight shines through the straw. 
You should see a shadow of the Styrofoam in the ground, and there should be a "circle" of light in it.
Is it a circle or an oval? If it's a circle, the clinometer is angled correctly. If not, adjust the Styrofoam board until it is.
Record the angle the string is indicating on the protractor.
What angle is the sun? You do have to make adjustments for the position the protractor was in when we started. 90° is actually straight up. Where was the 90° indicated when we started? How can we account for that now? Better start thinking again.
You're going to have to do same math here. And you wondered when you would ever use that "math stuff."
Graphing: A great time to use ExcelJ
Options:
You may do this at several times throughout the day, but if you really want to understand how the sun appears to move throughout the seasons, you really should do this over several weeks, months are even better.
Caution- What time of the day are you going to do this? Another great time to talk about controlling variables. What about time changes? Better think of everything.
Record and graph the data. This is great to do from fall to spring because you should see falling and then rising in the graph.

 
 
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