Form ED‑1thesolutionsite.com

TheSolution Site

Adults seated around a semicircular committee table with microphones, seen from the public gallery at the back, flat overhead light
Money · the flagship page

Funded by the ground the school stands on

Local property tax is the primary funding mechanism, which ties a school's income to the assessed value of the parcels around it.

Three dates the argument keeps returning to1965 · 1983 · 2015
1965

The federal government entered the classroom through poverty

The Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 attached federal money to disadvantage, which is how Washington acquired a role at all.

1983

A 1983 pamphlet set the terms for thirty years

A Nation at Risk framed schooling as an economic emergency, and the vocabulary of every reform since comes from it.

2015

Accountability was federalised and then handed back

No Child Left Behind (2001) set federal consequences for test results; ESSA (2015) returned most of that discretion to the states.

An empty wood-panelled courtroom seen from the back, benches receding, daylight from high windows
Edgewood ISD raised $26 per pupil at its highest lawful rate; Alamo Heights, taxing lower, raised $333.Figures as stated in the Court’s opinion
Money · 1973

The Supreme Court declined to make funding equal

San Antonio v. Rodriguez (1973) held there is no federal constitutional right to equal school funding, leaving the question to the states.

Offices

The board that decides most of it meets locally

School boards are elected bodies with real budget and personnel authority, and turnout for them is a fraction of a general election.

Exhibit B · four of these pages turn on one state’s lawClick a state
  1. 1TexasThe Supreme Court declined to make funding equal
  2. 2MassachusettsThe common school was an argument about who pays
  3. 3KansasDesegregation was ordered and then had to be implemented
  4. 4IllinoisDewey's school was a laboratory, and it was literal
Education is a state power. Four pages here were decided, argued or invented inside a single state, and the map is the shortest way into them.Texas · Massachusetts · Kansas · Illinois
Exhibit C · the survey Congress ordered and did not expectEquality of Educational Opportunity, 1966

The Coleman Report concluded that family background predicted attainment more strongly than school resources, and the argument has not closed since.

570,000students surveyed
60,000teachers surveyed
4,000schools, across all fifty states
700+pages, delivered in July 1966

Differences in funding, facilities, class size and teacher credentials explained surprisingly little of the variation in measured attainment. Read the page →